More providers than ever are expected to enter value-based care (VBC) over the next several years, thanks in large part to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services’ (CMS) goal that nearly all Medicare beneficiaries will be treated by a physician in a value-based model by 2030. VBC rewards providers with incentive payments for quality of care, meaning compensation is linked to performance on predetermined quality and cost metrics. The healthier they keep their populations and drive down the cost of care, the greater their potential incentives. This is exciting for the future of medicine, but it also presents some challenges.